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University of Wollongong Australia

Referencing

Other sources | APA7

Article from a newspaper (print or online)

In-text citation

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

“Native animals such as echidnas, swamp wallabies, bandicoots, wrens and powerful owls call these now protected areas home” (Ly, 2019, p. 5).

 
Paraphrasing (use of page number/s encouraged)

There seem to be disagreements between the Boral’s board and its investors over Boral’s recent business decisions (Knight, 2019).

 

Reference list

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

 

Template

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year, month day). Title of the article. Title of the Periodical.

            https://doi.org/xxxx OR https://xxxx.

Knight, E. (2019, December 12). Clock ticking for Boral boss as investors seethe over scandal. 

            Sydney Morning Herald. https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/clock-ticking-for-boral-boss-

            as-investors-seethe-over-scandal-20191211-p53j0m.html

 

Ly, P. (2019, December 4). New bush zones to save wildlife. Northern District Times.

 

Notes:

  • Provide the URL or DOI if available
  • If authors are not provided in the article, refer to the Books section ‘No author’, ‘Unidentified author’ and use the article title in place of the author.

Government or other organisation report

Reference list

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Template

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year, month date [as provided]). Title of the report. Publisher Name.

            https://doi.org/xxx OR https://xxx

Universities Australia. (2019, July). Higher education: Facts and figures.

            https://www.universitiesaustralia.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/190716-Facts-and-Figures-2019-Final-v2.pdf

 

Notes:

  • Include the year, month and date or as many as are provided in the reference list
  • When the author and site name are the same, omit the site name from the reference list
  • If individuals are named on the report as authors, provide their names in the author position in the reference list
  • If individuals are not named as authors on the report, provide the name of the organisation responsible for compiling the report

Conference presentations

Reference list

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Template

Presenter, A. A., & Presenter, B. B. (year, month day-day). Title of contribution [Type of contribution].

            Conference Name, Location. https://doi.org/xxx OR https://xxx

 

Rossetto, L. C., & Rogerson, A. M. (2019, November 27-29). “I learnt that 2 + 2 = 5: teamwork will lead to synergy”:

            Student reflections in a cross-cultural classroom [Paper presentation]. Academic Language and Learning

            Biennial Conference, Fremantle, Western Australia.

 

Note:

For further information about different types of confernce participation, refer to section 10.5 of the APA 7th Edition Publication Manual.

PowerPoint slides or lecture notes

Refer to your subject lecturer or provided assignment guidelines to determine the appropriacy of citing lecture material in your assignments.

 

Reference List

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Template

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year, month day). Title [Format]. Department Name, University

            Name. https://xxxx

 

Chapple, S. (2019, December 19). Advanced consolidations 1 [PowerPoint slides]. School of Accounting,

            Economics and Finance, University of Wollongong. https://moodle.uowplatform.edu.au/mod/folder/view.php?

             id=1087998

 

Notes:

  • If the material comes from a website, learning management system or company intranet and the reader will have access to this site, provide the name of the site and the URL

Audiovisual media

Reference list

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Template

For authors, use the following

Media type

Include as author
Film Director
TV series Executive producer(s)
TV series episode Writer and director of episode
Podcast Host or executive producer
Podcast episode Host of episode
Webinar Instructor
Classical music album or song Composer
Modern music album or song Recording artist
Artwork Artist
Online streaming video Person or group who uploaded the video
Photograph Photographer

 

Stand-alone audiovisual media:

Author, A. A., & Author, B.B. (Role). (year, year range year and month [as provided]). Title of work [Description].

            Production of Company OR Label OR Museum name, location OR Department Name, University Name. https://xxx

 

Attenborough, D. (Host). (2011, March 2). Attenborough and the giant egg [Documentary]. BBC.

 

Audiovisual media part of a greater whole

Author, A. A., & Author, B.B. (year, year range year and month [as relevant]). Title of episode (Season number,

            Episode number) [Description]. In P. P. Producer (Executive Producer), Title of series. https://xxx

            OR On Title of album. Label. Production Company. https://xxx

 

Simon, D., & Burns, E. (Writers) & Johnson, C. (Director) (2002, June 2). The target (Series 1, Episode 1)

            [TV series episode]. In D. Simon, R. F. Colesberry, & N. K Noble (Executive Producers), The wire. Blown

            Deadline Productions; HBO.

Personal communications

In-text citations

          L. Dearlove (personal communication, December 17, 2019)

          (L. Dearlove, personal communication, December 17, 2019)

 

Reference List

Because personal communications are irretrievable, they are not included in the reference list

 

Notes:

Personal communications can include letters, email, telephone conversations,  interviews etc.  Because the information is not recoverable, personal communications should not be included in the reference list.  Cite then in the  text only.

Provide the initials of the communicator, and as exact a date as possible.

  • Personal communications can include letters, emails, telephone conversations, interviews etc. Because the information is not recoverable personal communications should not be included in the Reference List. Cite them in text only.
  • Provide the initials of the communicator and as exact a date as possible.

Software

Reference list

For details explaining the construction of a reference list, refer to section titled 'Reference list information'

For details explaining in-text citations, refer to section titled 'In-text citation information'

 

Template

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of entry. Publisher Name or App Store. https://xxxx

OR

 

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of entry. In Title of work (Version x.x) [Description].

            Publisher Name or App Store. https://xxxx

 

Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2014). Comprehensive meta-analysis (Version 3.3.070) [Computer software]. Biostat.

           https://www.meta-analysis.com/

 

Notes:

  • In text give the proper name of the software and the version number.

  • Reference entries are not required for standard software or programming languages (e.g. Microsoft Word or Excel, Java, Adobe Photoshop, or SPSS).

  • In text give the proper name of the software and the version number.

  • Reference entries are not required for standard software or programming languages (e.g. Microsoft Word or Excel, Java, Adobe Photoshop, or SPSS).

  • For further details refer to section 10.10 of the APA 7th Edition Publication Manual.

 

  • In text give the proper name of the software and the version number.
  • Reference entries are not required for standard software or programming languages (e.g. Microsoft Word or Excel, Java, Adobe Photoshop, or SPSS).

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