UOW Harvard

Paraphrase

Template

(1^st Author’s last name et al. Year of publication)

• For in-text citations, list the last name of the first author followed by et al. (meaning ‘and others’).

Examples

Abnormal is not always rare (Kring et al. 2010).

OR

According to Kring et al. (2010), abnormal is not always rare.

Direct quote

Template

(1^st Author’s last name et al. Year of publication, p. Page number)

• For in-text citations, list the last name of the first author followed by et al. (meaning ‘and others’).
• Include the specific page number/s to indicate where the words you have quoted appear in the source.
• Use double quotation marks to show the exact words of the original source.

Examples

Kring et al. (2010, p. 72) describes the theory as “optimum for children between ages four and seven”.

OR

“The theory of cognitive load is well-established" (Kring et al. 2010, p. 72).

Template

1^st Author’s last name,1^st Author’s initials, N^th Author’s last name, N^th Author’s initials & Final Author’s last name, Final Author’s initials Year of publication, Book title, Edition number edn, Publisher, Location of publication.

• • Author names should follow the order in which they appear on the book (indicated in the template by ‘N^th’)
  • Do not use et al. in the reference list. List all of the authors’ names, as shown in the examples below.

Examples

Burrows, A, Parsons, A, Price, Gareth, Pilling, G & Holman, J 2009, Chemistry3: Introducing Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, UK.

Kring, A, Davison, GC, Neale, JM & Johnson, S 2010, Abnormal psychology, 11th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.

Kandel, E, Schwartz, J, Jessel, T, Siegelbaum, S & Hudspeth, AJ 2012, Principles of Neural Science, 5th edn, McGraw Hill, New York.