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Paraphrase

Template

(1^st Author’s last name et al. Year of publication)

- Give the name of the first author followed by et al. (meaning ‘and others’).

Examples

A candidate’s site "stickiness" is not determined by popularity (Wattal et al. 2010).

OR

According to Wattal et al. (2010), the “stickiness” of a candidate’s site is not determined by popularity.

Direct quote

Template

(1^st Author’s last name et al. Year of publication, p. number)

Examples

Wattal et al. conclude that, "[p]olitics in the United States has come a long way" (2010, p. 670).

OR

"We believe information systems can provide insight" (Wattal et al. 2010, p. 670).

Template

1^st Author’s last name,1^st Author’s initials, N^th Author’s last name, N^th Author’s initials & Final Author’s last name, Final Author’s initials Year of publication, ‘Article title’, Journal name, vol. (volume number), no. (issue number), p./pp. (page number/range).

• List all authors. Do not use ‘et al.’ in the reference list entry.
• Author names should be in the order in which they appear on the article (indicated in the template by ‘N^th’).
• Author’s initials include the first letter of the author’s first name, and, if provided, the first letter of their middle name (e.g., Michael Smith = Smith, M or Michael John Smith = Smith, MJ).
• Capitalise all first letters of the main words in the journal name (i.e., not ‘and’ ‘of’, ‘in’ etc.) and place the journal name in italics.
• Volume number (‘vol.’), which refers to the years the journal has been in publication, can be found on the first page on an online article or on the cover of the journal.
• If a journal has been published more than once in a particular year, it will also have an issue number (indicated by ‘no.’) which usually appears after the volume number. 
• p./pp. refers to the specific page numbers of the journal at which the article is located.

Examples

Wattal, S, Schuff, D, Mandviwalla, M & Williams, CB 2010, ‘Web 2.0 and politics: the 2008 U.S. presidential election and an e-politics research agenda’, MIS Quarterly, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 669-688.

Hilford, S, Rogers, PR, Plyon, KI & Juliard, CH 2008, ‘Pliability of varying ranges of commercially available plywood’, Woodworkers Australia, vol. 12, no. 8, p. 54.