UOW Harvard

• For both in-text citations and reference list entries, write the names of the authors in the order they appear on the title page of the article.
• When the authors names are part of your sentence, use ‘and’ instead of ‘&’.

Paraphrase

Template

(1^st Author’s last name & 2^nd Author’s last name Year of publication)

OR

(1^st Author’s last name, 2^nd Author’s last name & 3^rd Author’s last name Year of publication)

• Unlike the reference list, which requires author/s initials, in-text citations use author/s last names only and do not include any initials.
• Place the authors’ names in the order they appear in the article.
• Ampersands (‘&’) are used when the authors’ names in an in-text citation are within brackets. However, if the authors’ names are part of the sentence, use the word ‘and’, as shown in the examples below.

Example

The group of 100 joined the ASX and other associations (Carlin & Ford 2006, p. 79).

According to Bouris, Giles and Rosenthal (1981), greater attention has been given recently in the field of social psychology to studying the relations between different groups.

Direct quote

Templates

(1^st Author’s last name & 2^nd Author’s last name Year of publication, p. number)

OR

(1^st Author’s last name, 2^nd Author’s last name & 3^rd Author’s last name Year of publication, p. number)

Examples

Carlin and Ford (2006, p. 79) claim that "paying executives in the form of options” is becoming more widespread.

The researchers also claim that “speech communities can be classified as possessing low, medium or high vitality” (Bouris, Giles & Rosenthal 1981, p. 146).

Template

1^st Author’s last name,1^st Author’s initials & 2^nd Author’s last name, 2^nd Author’s initials Year of publication, ‘Article title’, Journal name, vol. Volume number, no. Issue number, p./pp. Page number/range.

1^st Author’s last name,1^st Author’s initials, 2^nd Author’s last name, 2^nd Author’s initials & 3^rd Author’s last name, 3^rd Author’s initials Year of publication, ‘Article title’, Journal name, vol. Volume number, no. Issue number, p./pp. Page number/range.

Examples

Hybeld, RC & Reinheart, P 2015, ‘The reduction of Wood Duck population in far North Canada’, Canadian Wildlife, vol. 3, no. 41, pp. 34-46.

Carlin, TY & Ford, G 2006, ‘A governance perspective on executive options plans - some Australian empirical evidence’, Australian Accounting Review, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 75-84.

Kennamer, RA, Alsum, SK & Colwell, SV 1997, ‘Composition of Wood Duck effs in relation to egg size, laying sequence, and skipped days of laying’, The Auk, vol. 114, no. 3, pp. 479-487.

Filbert, P, Zucker, LP & Horatio, H 2019, ‘Benefits of free-range farming’, Australian Agriculture, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 27-32.